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. 2026 Jan 12;26(2):495. doi: 10.3390/s26020495
Algorithm 2. Strategy for obstacle presence determination and task recovery based on force feedback
Input: Real-time force feedback fi; Collision threshold δm; Original parameters {bmd,kmd};
Output: Restored system parameters and trajectory;
1 if sustained contact force fi>δm then
2 Maintain state: Output current avoidance parameters bmi, kmi and maintain avoidance pose;
3 else (Obstacle removal determined: fiδm and stable)
4 Smooth recovery: Guide variable parameters back to initial values {bmd,kmd} (Equations (6) and (7));
5 Trajectory reset: Output displacement deviation $e$ approaching 0 to return to desired trajectory xe0;
6 end if