Table 2.

The gamified pain management intervention components.

Session	Clue components
1	Exercise: three 6-minute balancing exercises Educational information: pain mechanisms Relaxation audio: breathing exercises Quiz and puzzle
2	Exercise: three 6-minute stretching exercises for different pain sites Educational information: etiology of pain Relaxation audio: breathing exercises Quiz and puzzle
3	Exercise: three 6-minute core strengthening exercises Educational information: neurobiology and neurophysiology of pain Relaxation audio: muscle relaxation Quiz and puzzle
4	Exercise: three 6-minute stretching exercises for different pain sites Educational information: biopsychosocial model of chronic pain Relaxation audio: muscle relaxation Quiz and puzzle
5	Exercise: three 6-minute core strengthening exercises Educational information: attention system and pain and distraction from pain Relaxation audio: body scan Quiz and puzzle
6	Exercise: three 6-minute balancing exercises for different pain sites Educational information: medication use and drug abuse Relaxation audio: body scan Quiz and puzzle
7	Exercise: three 6-minute core strengthening exercises Educational information: physical activity for chronic pain Relaxation audio: relaxation music Quiz and puzzle
8	Exercise: three 6-minute resistance exercises Educational information: nonpharmacological strategies Relaxation audio: outdoor relaxation Quiz
Four hidden sessions	Exercise: three 20-minute stretching and resistance exercises