Table 2.
Combined effect of leisure screen time (LST) and internet gaming disorder (IGD) on mental health (P<.05/5). Odds ratios (ORs) of the joint associations were not directly comparable to those of the independent associations as shown in as they were derived from different models with different reference groups and adjustment strategies.
| Mental health outcome | LST_IGD | |||||||
|
|
Low No | High No | Low Yes | High Yes | ||||
|
|
ORa | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Overall mental health | Ref | 1.18 (1.09-1.27) | <.001 | 7.34 (4.59-11.74) | <.001 | 7.35 (5.29-10.22) | <.001 | |
| Psychological distress | Ref | 1.14 (0.98-1.34) | .09 | 4.94 (2.63-9.28) | <.001 | 4.81 (3.19-7.27) | <.001 | |
| Depression | Ref | 1.17 (1.05-1.30) | .004 | 7.78 (4.32-14.00) | <.001 | 6.80 (4.46-10.37) | <.001 | |
| Paranoia | Ref | 1.23 (1.12-1.35) | <.001 | 8.96 (4.70-17.11) | <.001 | 5.74 (3.77-8.75) | <.001 | |
| Insomnia | Ref | 1.12 (1.02-1.22) | .01 | 2.71 (1.53-4.77) | <.001 | 3.36 (2.23-5.07) | <.001 | |
| Suicidal ideation | Ref | 1.15 (1.04-1.28) | .006 | 3.81 (2.14-6.79) | <.001 | 4.46 (2.96-6.73) | <.001 | |
aAdjusted for age, sex, area, economic status, single child, caretaker, father’s educational level, mother’s educational level, BMI, smoking, drinking, academic performance, health status, dietary factor and physical activity level.