Fig. 3.

(A) YLJC06 synthesizes 3-HP using 50 g/L, 100 g/L, 150 g/L, and 200 g/L Jerusalem artichoke tuber powder. (B) YLJC06 synthesizes 3-HP using Jerusalem artichoke tuber powder with flasks sealed with sealing film (F + S), flasks wrapped with gauze (F + G), baffled flasks sealed with sealing film (B + S), and baffled flasks wrapped with gauze (B + G). (C) YLJC06 synthesizes 3-HP using Jerusalem artichoke tuber powder medium with soybean peptone (SP), fish meal peptone (FP), corn steep liquor (CL), and soybean meal extract (SE) as industrial nitrogen sources. (D) YLJC06 synthesizes 3-HP using 100 g/L Jerusalem artichoke tubers powder and 30 g/L fish meal peptone supplementing with 25 g/L, 30 g/L, 35 g/L, and 40 g/L CaCO₃. Data are shown as the mean ± SD from at least three experiments.