Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics Stratified by Lipoprotein(a)
| Total (N = 669) | Lp(a) > 230 nmol/L (n = 446) |
Lp(a) ≤7 nmol/L (n = 223) |
P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) (mean ± SD) | 56 ± 16 | 56 ± 16 | 55 ± 17 | 0.566 |
| Male, n (%) | 389 (58.1%) | 258 (57.8%) | 131 (58.7%) | 0.825 |
| Diabetes mellitus type 2, n (%) | 120 (17.9%) | 90 (20.2%) | 30 (13.5%) | 0.033 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 256 (38.3%) | 181 (40.6%) | 75 (33.6%) | 0.081 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 92 (13.8%) | 57 (12.8%) | 35 (15.7%) | 0.302 |
| Former smoker, n (%) | 152 (22.7%) | 90 (20.2%) | 62 (27.8%) | 0.027 |
| HIV infection, n (%) | 75 (11.2%) | 46 (10.3%) | 29 (13.0%) | 0.298 |
| Kidney transplant, n (%) | 46 (6.9%) | 35 (7.8%) | 11 (4.9%) | 0.160 |
| Lp(a) (nmol/L), median (IQR) | 241.3 (7.0-298.3) | 273.3 (241.3-332.0) | 7.0 (7.0-7.0) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL), median (Q1-Q3) | 178 (151-213) | 182 (151-220) | 174 (143-201) | 0.004 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL), median (Q1-Q3) | 97 (74-128) | 101 (74-135) | 89 (66-112) | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL), mean ± SD | 54 ± 19 | 58 ± 19 | 54 ± 19 | 0.257 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL), median (Q1-Q3) | 106 (71-159) | 106 (71-159) | 115 (71-177) | 0.404 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), median (Q1-Q3) | 75 (59-90) | 72 (54-90) | 82 (64-90) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%), mean ± SD | 6.3 ± 1.3 | 6.3 ± 1.3 | 6.2 ± 1.3 | 0.449 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 28 ± 15.0 | 29 ± 19 | 27 ± 5 | 0.063 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg), mean ± SD | 135 ± 43 | 136 ± 51 | 132 ± 19 | 0.217 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg), mean ± SD | 80 ± 12 | 80 ± 12 | 79 ± 12 | 0.120 |
| Lipid-lowering therapy, n (%) | 375 (56.0%) | 282 (63.2%) | 93 (41.7%) | <0.001 |
| Statins, n (%) | 341 (51.0%) | 259 (58.1%) | 82 (36.8%) | <0.001 |
| Ezetimibe, n (%) | 121 (18.1%) | 102 (22.9%) | 19 (8.5%) | <0.001 |
| PCSK9 inhibitors, n (%) | 32 (4.8%) | 27 (6.1%) | 5 (2.2%) | 0.029 |
| Fibrates, n (%) | 8 (1.2%) | 4 (0.9%) | 4 (1.8%) | 0.314 |
| Antihypertensives, n (%) | 302 (45.1%) | 198 (44.4%) | 104 (46.6%) | 0.583 |
| Glucose-lowering therapy, n (%) | 128 (19.1%) | 93 (20.9%) | 35 (15.7%) | 0.110 |
| Antiplatelet therapy, n (%) | 186 (27.8%) | 140 (31.4%) | 46 (20.6%) | 0.003 |
| Anticoagulants, n (%) | 78 (11.7%) | 54 (12.1%) | 24 (10.8%) | 0.609 |
BMI = body mass index; BP = blood pressure; eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; HbA1c = glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Lp(a) = lipoprotein(a); PCSK9 = proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9.