Table 1.
Characteristics of Prevalent Individuals Receiving Facility-Based Hemodialysis Between January 1, 2016, and September 30, 2021
| Characteristics | January 1, 2016-December 31, 2019 (n = 31,596) | April 1, 2020-September 30, 2021 (n = 22,607) | Standardized Difference (d) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age range (y) | <0.001 | |||
| <30 | 741 (2.4) | 583 (2.6) | ||
| 30-34 | 595 (1.9) | 471 (2.1) | ||
| 35-39 | 780 (2.5) | 569 (2.5) | ||
| 40-44 | 1,112 (3.5) | 812 (3.6) | ||
| 45-49 | 1,625 (5.2) | 1,236 (5.5) | ||
| 50-54 | 2,291 (7.3) | 1,714 (7.6) | ||
| 55-59 | 3,034 (9.7) | 2,325 (10.4) | ||
| 60-64 | 3,627 (11.6) | 2,673 (11.9) | ||
| 65-69 | 4,346 (13.8) | 3,124 (13.9) | ||
| 70-74 | 4,199 (13.4) | 3,212 (14.3) | ||
| 75+ | 9,042 (28.8) | 5,729 (25.5) | ||
| Sex n (%) | 0.074 | |||
| Female | 12,549 (39.7) | 9,088 (40.2) | ||
| Male | 19,047 (60.3) | 13,519 (59.8) | ||
| Race n (%) | 0.088 | |||
| White | 19,696 (62.3) | 13,121 (58.0) | ||
| Non-White | 11,900 (37.7) | 9,486 (42.0) | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.2 ± 6.7 | 28.4 ± 6.7 | –0.027 | |
| Province | 0.11 | |||
| British Columbia | 4,661 (14.8) | 3,423 (15.1) | ||
| Alberta/Northwest Territories | 3,452 (10.9) | 2,608 (11.5) | ||
| Saskatchewan | 1,300 (4.1) | 910 (4.0) | ||
| Manitoba | 2,263 (7.2) | 1,659 (7.3) | ||
| Ontario | 16,803 (53.2) | 11,804 (52.2) | ||
| Atlantic Provinces | 3,117 (9.9) | 2,203 (9.7) | ||
| Distance to facility (km) | <0.001 | |||
| 0-4 | 10,911 (34.9) | 7,207 (32.2) | ||
| 5-9 | 7,076 (22.6) | 5,082 (22.7) | ||
| 10-14 | 3,013 (9.6) | 2,248 (10.1) | ||
| 15-19 | 1,768 (5.7) | 1,302 (5.8) | ||
| 20-149 | 6,599 (21.1) | 4,995 (22.3) | ||
| 150+ | 1,892 (6.1) | 1,525 (6.8) | ||
| Socioeconomic quintile | <0.001 | |||
| First (lowest) | 11,912 (40.1) | 8,429 (39.9) | ||
| Second | 5,659 (19.0) | 3,760 (17.8) | ||
| Third | 3,857 (13.0) | 2,782 (13.2) | ||
| Fourth | 3,135 (10.5) | 2,193 (10.4) | ||
| Fifth (highest) | 5,155 (17.3) | 3,958 (18.7) | ||
| Comorbid conditions | ||||
| Myocardial infarct | 4,936 (16.5) | 3,118 (14.4) | 0.058 | |
| Pulmonary edema | 6,822 (23.0) | 4,453 (20.8) | 0.054 | |
| Type 1 diabetes | 244 (0.8) | 175 (0.8) | <0.001 | |
| Type 2 diabetes | 4,553 (15.0) | 3,451 (15.9) | –0.024 | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 3,664 (12.2) | 2,451 (11.3) | 0.028 | |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 4,289 (14.3) | 2,711 (12.5) | 0.054 | |
| Malignancy | 3,872 (13.1) | 2,615 (12.2) | 0.028 | |
| Lung disease | 3,283 (11.0) | 2,148 (9.9) | 0.035 | |
| Hypertension | 24,776 (82.0) | 18,315 (84.4) | –0.063 | |
| Current smoker | 4,813 (16.5) | 3,492 (16.5) | 0.001 | |
| CABG | 4,503 (15.0) | 3,045 (14.0) | 0.027 | |
| OSI-5 | 4,074 (16.8) | 2,900 (16.9) | −0.003 |
Variables ascertained at the time of each participant’s dialysis initiation.
Data shown as n (%), mean ± SD and median(IQR).
Abbreviations: HTN, hypertension; OSI-5, other serious illness that could shorten life by 5 years.
Missing data for the following: age, n = 363 (0.007%); sex, n = 0; race, n = 0; body mass index, n = 0; province, n = 0; distance to facility, n = 585 (0.01%); socioeconomic quintile, n = 3,363 (0.06%); myocardial infarct, n = 2,484 (0.05%); pulmonary edema, n = 3,068 (0.06%); type 1 diabetes mellitus, n = 2,184 (0.04%); type 2 diabetes mellitus, n = 2,184 (0.04%); cerebrovascular disease, n = 2,395 (0.04%); peripheral vascular disease, n = 2,483 (0.05%); malignancy, n = 3,105 (0.06%); lung disease, n = 2,574 (0.05%); HTN medication, n = 2,282 (0.04%); osi-5, n = 12,876 (0.24%); current smoker, n = 3,908 (0.07%); coronary artery bypass, n = 2,416 (0.04%).