Table 2.
Relationship Between Factors and Fatigue
| Factors | Unadjusted Models OR (95% CI) (n = 636)a | Model 1 OR (95% CI) (n = 623)b | Model 2 OR (95% CI) (n = 623)c | Model 3 OR (95% CI) (n = 600)d |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pain | ||||
| BPI interference | 1.62 (1.47-1.80) | 1.66 (1.47-1.89) | 1.66 (1.47-1.89) | 1.37 (1.18-1.61) |
| BPI severity | 1.32 (1.21-1.44) | 0.96 (0.85-1.08) | 0.96 (0.85-1.08) | 0.93 (0.80-1.07) |
| Opioid use in the last 14 days | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 2.00 (1.30-3.18) | 1.84 (1.15-3.04) | 1.84 (1.15-3.04) | 1.80 (1.03-3.21) |
| Sociodemographic factors | ||||
| Age (y) | 1.00 (0.98-1.01) | |||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1.00 | |||
| Female | 1.05 (0.74-1.50) | |||
| Race and/or ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.00 | |||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.83 (0.54-1.26) | |||
| Hispanic | 0.89 (0.52-1.52) | |||
| Other | 0.87 (0.44-1.81) | |||
| Current employment status | ||||
| Currently employed | 1.00 | |||
| Not employed | 1.09 (0.57-2.01) | |||
| Current relationship status | ||||
| Married/domestic partner | 1.00 | |||
| Widowed/divorced/separated | 1.39 (0.92-2.13) | |||
| Never married | 1.42 (0.92-2.20) | |||
| Education | ||||
| Less than high school | 1.00 | |||
| High school degree | 0.91 (0.57-1.45) | |||
| Associate's or technical degree | 0.85 (0.48-1.50) | |||
| College degree, doctoral, or postgraduate education | 0.91 (0.53-1.58) | |||
| Biological, dialysis-related, and medical comorbid condition factors | ||||
| Dialysis vintage | ||||
| <1 y | 1.00 | |||
| 1-5 y | 0.89 (0.56-1.41) | |||
| >5 y | 0.78 (0.47-1.26) | |||
| Kt/V | 0.73 (0.41-1.31) | |||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 0.93 (0.84-1.04) | |||
| Albumin (g/dL) | 0.96 (0.61-1.50) | |||
| Urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 1.00 (0.99-1.01) | |||
| History of any cardiovascular disease | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 1.07 (0.74-1.54) | |||
| History of diabetes mellitus | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 1.29 (0.90-1.83) | |||
| History of cancer diagnosis | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 0.98 (0.62-1.58) | |||
| History of chronic lung disease | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 1.02 (0.60-1.8) | |||
| History of inflammatory bowel disease | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 0.79 (0.33-2.09) | |||
| History of arthritis | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 1.02 (0.72-1.46) | |||
| History of systemic lupus erythematosus | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 1.1 (0.42-3.44) | |||
| History of sickle cell anemia | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 0.86 (0.24-4.03) | |||
| Hyperparathyroidism | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 0.94 (0.66-1.33) | |||
| Psychological and behavioral factors | ||||
| Social Support (MSPSS total score) | 0.74 (0.64-0.84) | 0.93 (0.79-1.10) | ||
| GAD-7 (anxiety) | 1.24 (1.19-1.30) | 1.03 (0.97-1.10) | ||
| PHQ-9 (depression) | 1.36 (1.29-1.44) | 1.21 (1.13-1.31) | ||
| PROMIS sleep disturbance | 1.18 (1.14-1.22) | 1.08 (1.03-1.12) | ||
| PROMIS physical function | 0.91 (0.89-0.93) | 0.96 (0.93-0.99) | ||
| Smoking status | ||||
| Current smoker | 1.00 | |||
| Former smoker | 1.17 (0.68-1.99) | |||
| Never smoker | 0.93 (0.56-1.53) | |||
| Alcohol use | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 0.85 (0.49-1.53) | |||
| Current marijuana use | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 1.37 (0.84-2.33) | |||
Note: Hyperparathyroidism defined as taking either cinacalcet or vitamin D analog.
Abbreviations: BPI, brief pain inventory; GAD-7, general anxiety disorder-7; MSPSS, multidimensional scale of perceived social support; PHQ-9, patient health questionnaire-9; PROMIS, patient-reported outcomes measurement information system.
Unadjusted Logistic regression model separately predicts fatigue with each factor.
Model 1 adjusts for pain and sociodemographic factors that show statistically significant evidence of association with fatigue (P < 0.05) in the unadjusted model.
Model 2 adjusts for pain, sociodemographic, and physiological/dialysis-related factors that show statistically significant evidence of association with fatigue (P < 0.05) in the unadjusted model. Model 1 and model 2 have the same outputs since no physiological/dialysis-related factors are significant.
Model 3 adjusts for pain, sociodemographic, physiological/dialysis-related, and psychological/behavioral factors that show statistically significant evidence of association with fatigue (P < 0.05) in the unadjusted model.