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. 2026 Jan 22;7(3):363–375. doi: 10.1039/d5cb00301f

Table 1. Examples of delivery vectors and chemical modifications of PNA oligonucleotides.

Serial number PNA backbone Delivery platforms Uptake mechanism Treated in vivo/in vitro
1 [ref. 16, 19 and 51] graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u1.jpg graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u2.jpg Endocytosis In vitro cell assays
2 [ref. 64, 67, 73 and 74] graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u3.jpg graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u4.jpg Endocytosis In vitro and in vivo assays
3 [ref. 78 and 79] graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u5.jpg graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u6.jpg Receptor mediated uptake In vitro and in vivo assays
4 [ref. 6, 8, 84, 86 and 89] graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u7.jpg graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u8.jpg Endocytosis In vitro and in vivo assays
5 [ref. 100] graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u9.jpg graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u10.jpg Endocytosis In vitro cell assays
6 [ref. 102] graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u11.jpg graphic file with name d5cb00301f-u12.jpg Endocytosis In vitro cell assays