Table 4.
Relation between patients’ sociodemographic, psychiatric, and medical-related data and patient–doctor relationship according to PDRQ-9 score.
| Item | Patient–doctor relationship | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poor (n = 7) | Moderate (n = 91) | Good (n = 162) | ||
| Age (years) | ||||
| 18–25 | 2 (28.57%) | 18 (19.78%) | 27 (16.67%) | 0.377 |
| 26–35 | 4 (57.14%) | 17 (18.68%) | 28 (17.28%) | |
| 36–45 | 1 (14.29%) | 15 (16.48%) | 24 (14.81%) | |
| 46–55 | 0 (0%) | 19 (20.88%) | 42 (25.93%) | |
| 56–65 | 0 (0%) | 15 (16.48%) | 26 (16.05%) | |
| > 65 | 0 (0%) | 7 (7.69%) | 15 (9.26%) | |
| Gender | ||||
| Men | 1 (14.29%) | 34 (37.36%) | 46 (28.4%) | 0.208 |
| Women | 6 (85.71%) | 57 (62.64%) | 116 (71.6%) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 5 (71.43%) | 33 (36.26%) | 50 (30.86%) | 0.231 |
| Married | 2 (28.57%) | 45 (49.45%) | 74 (45.68%) | |
| Divorced/Separated | 0 (0%) | 8 (8.79%) | 24 (14.81%) | |
| Widow | 0 (0%) | 5 (5.49%) | 14 (8.64%) | |
| Living condition | ||||
| Alone | 0 (0%) | 4 (4.4%) | 6 (3.7%) | 0.834 |
| Living with family, friends, a roommate, etc. | 7 (100%) | 87 (95.6%) | 156 (96.3%) | |
| Education level | ||||
| Uneducated | 0 (0%) | 6 (6.59%) | 26 (16.05%) | 0.038 |
| High school or below | 2 (28.57%) | 22 (24.18%) | 58 (35.8%) | |
| Bachelor’s degree | 4 (57.14%) | 53 (58.24%) | 69 (42.59%) | |
| Master’s or PhD | 1 (14.29%) | 10 (10.99%) | 9 (5.56%) | |
| Employment status | ||||
| Unemployed | 5 (71.43%) | 48 (52.75%) | 102 (62.96%) | 0.446 |
| Employed | 2 (28.57%) | 30 (32.97%) | 40 (24.69%) | |
| Retired | 0 (0%) | 13 (14.29%) | 20 (12.35%) | |
| Mood disorder | ||||
| Depression | 4 (57.14%) | 73 (80.22%) | 130 (80.25%) | 0.327 |
| Bipolar | 3 (42.86%) | 18 (19.78%) | 32 (19.75%) | |
| Duration of illness (years) | ||||
| < 1 | 0 (0%) | 4 (4.4%) | 12 (7.41%) | 0.028 |
| 1–5 | 2 (28.57%) | 32 (35.16%) | 47 (29.01%) | |
| 6–10 | 4 (57.14%) | 19 (20.88%) | 21 (12.96%) | |
| > 10 | 1 (14.29%) | 36 (39.56%) | 82 (50.62%) | |
| Number of psychiatric ward admissions | ||||
| 0 | 3 (42.86%) | 69 (75.82%) | 117 (72.22%) | 0.183 |
| 1 | 2 (28.57%) | 13 (14.29%) | 19 (11.73%) | |
| 2–3 | 2 (28.57%) | 4 (4.4%) | 14 (8.64%) | |
| > 3 | 0 (0%) | 5 (5.49%) | 12 (7.41%) | |
| To what extent do you think you have a mental illness and need treatment? | ||||
| I’m certain. | 2 (28.57%) | 54 (59.34%) | 113 (69.75%) | 0.082 |
| I’m somewhat certain. | 2 (28.57%) | 21 (23.08%) | 29 (17.9%) | |
| I don’t think I have a mental illness. | 3 (42.86%) | 16 (17.58%) | 20 (12.35%) | |
| Have you ever used any illegal substances/drugs? | ||||
| No | 6 (85.71%) | 81 (89.01%) | 154 (95.06%) | 0.160 |
| Yes | 1 (14.29%) | 10 (10.99%) | 8 (4.94%) | |
| Number of regular medications (taken constantly, not as needed) for your mental health conditions | ||||
| 1–2 | 4 (57.14%) | 78 (85.71%) | 125 (77.16%) | 0.178 |
| 3–4 | 1 (14.29%) | 4 (4.4%) | 21 (12.96%) | |
| ≥ 5 | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.1%) | 3 (1.85%) | |
| 0 | 2 (28.57%) | 8 (8.79%) | 13 (8.02%) | |
| How easy is it for you to get your regular medication for your mental health conditions? | (n = 5) | (n = 83) | (n = 149) | |
| Always easy | 3 (60%) | 26 (31.33%) | 78 (52.35%) | 0.063 |
| Easy most of the time | 2 (40%) | 36 (43.37%) | 50 (33.56%) | |
| Always difficult | 0 (0%) | 12 (14.46%) | 10 (6.71%) | |
| Difficult most of the time | 0 (0%) | 9 (10.84%) | 11 (7.38%) | |
| Do you have to buy your own psychiatric medication? | ||||
| Yes, always | 2 (28.57%) | 14 (15.38%) | 15 (9.26%) | 0.092 |
| Yes, sometimes | 4 (57.14%) | 57 (62.64%) | 90 (55.56%) | |
| Never | 1 (14.29%) | 20 (21.98%) | 57 (35.19%) | |
| Do you feel shame about taking psychiatric medication? | ||||
| No | 6 (85.71%) | 65 (71.43%) | 138 (85.19%) | 0.028 |
| Yes | 1 (14.29%) | 26 (28.57%) | 24 (14.81%) | |
| If yes, do you think that your feeling of stigma affects your adherence to taking your psychiatric medication regularly? | (n = 1) | (n = 26) | (n = 24) | |
| No | 0 (0%) | 17 (65.38%) | 18 (75%) | 0.251 |
| Yes | 1 (100%) | 9 (34.62%) | 6 (25%) | |
| To what extent do you feel supported by family and friends regarding your mental illness? | ||||
| I feel very supported. | 2 (28.57%) | 29 (31.87%) | 94 (58.02%) | 0.002 |
| I feel supported to some extent. | 4 (57.14%) | 46 (50.55%) | 48 (29.63%) | |
| I don’t feel supported. | 1 (14.29%) | 16 (17.58%) | 20 (12.35%) | |
| Chronic diseases (such as hypertension and diabetes) | ||||
| No | 5 (71.43%) | 47 (51.65%) | 80 (49.38%) | 0.510 |
| Yes | 2 (28.57%) | 44 (48.35%) | 82 (50.62%) | |
| Have you tried using alternative methods to treat your mental illness? | ||||
| No | 4 (57.14%) | 48 (52.75%) | 63 (38.89%) | 0.081 |
| Yes | 3 (42.86%) | 43 (47.25%) | 99 (61.11%) | |
| Have you tried alternative methods alone or with psychiatric medication? | (n = 3) | (n = 43) | (n = 99) | |
| Alone | 2 (66.67%) | 11 (25.58%) | 31 (31.31%) | 0.305 |
| With psychiatric medication | 1 (33.33%) | 32 (74.42%) | 68 (68.69%) | |
| Do you think alternative methods are more effective than psychiatric medication? | (n = 3) | (n = 43) | (n = 99) | |
| No | 1 (33.33%) | 29 (67.44%) | 79 (79.8%) | 0.070 |
| Yes | 2 (66.67%) | 14 (32.56%) | 20 (20.2%) | |
Numerical data are presented as mean ± SD, categorical data as frequency (%). Statistical significance was set at p-value < 0.05.