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. 2026 Jan 9;34(1):e432. doi: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000717

Table 2.

The Convergent Validity of the Benefits-Risks of Complementary Therapy (CT) Use Scale

Parameter Estimation Convergent Validity
Dimension/Item Estimate SE CR p Standardized Coefficient CR AVE
F1 Patient’s medical condition .90 .69
 Item 1 Overall health status 1.00 .83
 Item 2 Diabetes condition details 1.06 0.06 19.72 <.001 .91
 Item 3 Laboratory data 0.95 0.06 16.73 <.001 .83
 Item 4 Diabetes-related complications 0.83 0.06 14.55 <.001 .75
F2 Benefit-risk assessment of CTs .85 .59
 Item 5 Efficacy of CTs 1.00
 Item 6 Quality standards of CTs 1.51 0.12 12.71 <.001
 Item 7 Constituents and ingredients of CTs 1.30 0.11 11.73 <.001
 Item 8 Potential side effects of CTs 1.13 0.11 10.77 <.001
F3 Suitability of CTs use .84 .52
 Item 10 Purposes of CT use 1.00 .70
 Item 11 Recommended dosage of CT use 1.29 0.10 13.17 <.001 .89
 Item 12 Administration routes of CT use 1.12 0.09 12.53 <.001 .83
 Item 13 Cost and affordability of CTs 0.57 0.09 6.43 <.001 .39
 Item 14 Integration with conventional medicines 0.95 0.09 11.18 <.001 .69
F4 Support from health care professionals .93 .93
 Item 15 Benefit-risk profile with HCP guidance 1.00 .98
 Item 16 Support and advice from HCP 0.93 0.06 16.47 <.001 .88

Note. SE=standard error; CR=critical ratio; AVE=average variance extracted; HCP=health care professional.