Skip to main content
. 2026 Jan 31;16:4363. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-35356-1

Table 2.

Demographic and biochemical characteristics of study participants.

Variable Control
(n = 90)
All CRC patients
(n = 130)
Early stages
(I and II)
(n = 45)
Stage III
(n = 45)
Stage IV
(n = 40)
P-value

Sex

Male

Female

42 (46.7%)

48 (53.3%)

60 (46.2%)

70 (53.8%)

18 (40%)

27 (60%)

23 (51.1%)

22 (48.9%)

19 (47.5%)

22 (48.9%)

0.941
Age (years) 60.9 ± 4.54 62.2 ± 4.61 60.7 ± 4.8 62.9 ± 4.83 63.3 ± 4.02* 0.061
CEA (ng/ml) 3.16 ± 1.37 6.29 ± 2.36* 4.3 ± 1.38* 6.79 ± 1.9 7.98 ± 2.1*¥# 0.0001*
CA19-9 (U/ml) 18.9 ± 6.98 28 ± 10.66* 22 ± 7.33* 29.6 ± 6.84 32.9 ± 13.9 0.0001*

CRC: Colorectal cancer; CEA: Carcinoembryonic antigen; CA19-9: Carbohydrate antigen 19 − 9.

Data are expressed as mean (percentage) or mean ± SD.

P-values were calculated by comparing the control group with all CRC patients using either the student’s t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test, as appropriate.

* Significant from control, ¥ Significant from early stages (I and II), # Significant from stage III.