Table 3.
Sex-stratified analysis of tuberculosis and related outcomes in patients with iron deficiency anemia.
| Outcomes | Female (n = 115,361) | Male (n = 42,082) | p for interaction | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | p-values | HR (95% CI) | p-values | ||
| 5-year follow-up | |||||
| New-onset TB infection | 1.27 (0.86–1.88) | 0.235 | 2.06 (1.26–3.41) | 0.003 | 0.193 |
| Pneumonia | 1.70 (1.62–1.80) | <0.001 | 2.00 (1.88–2.12) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Reactive thrombocytosis | 3.16 (2.57–3.88) | <0.001 | 4.10 (2.62–6.41) | <0.001 | 0.358 |
| 5-10-year follow-up | |||||
| New-onset TB infection | 1.67 (0.79–3.54) | 0.174 | NA | NA | NA |
| Pneumonia | 1.48 (1.34–1.64) | <0.001 | 1.79 (1.58–2.04) | <0.001 | 0.027 |
| Reactive thrombocytosis | 2.06 (1.57–2.71) | <0.001 | 2.19 (1.18–4.07) | 0.011 | 0.870 |
TB, Tuberculosis; HR, Hazard ratio; CI, Confidence interval; p for interaction indicates statistical significance of effect modification by sex. NA, not available; based on the outcome terms, the patient count was too small for detailed results to be displayed.