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. 2025 Oct 4;131(1):58–68. doi: 10.1007/s11547-025-02112-w

Table 2.

Baseline characteristics of 216 GGN-like lung cancers

Characteristics Numbers (%)
Nodule size (mm), mean ± SD 13.2 ± 4.8
Nodule size
≥ 8, ≤ 10 mm 42 (19.4)
> 10, ≤ 20 mm 159 (73.6)
> 20, ≤ 30 mm 15 (6.9)
Nodule density
 Pure GGN 78 (36.1)
 Mixed GGN 138 (63.9)
Location of GGNs
 Left upper lobe 69 (31.9)
 Left down lobe 47 (21.8)
 Right upper lobe 62 (28.7)
 Right middle lobe 10 (4.6)
 Right down lobe 28 (13.0)
GGNs location vs VATS location
 Ipsilateral thorax 66 (30.6)
 Same lobe 30 (13.9)
 Different lobe 36 (16.7)
 Contralateral thorax 150 (69.4)
Patterns of GGNs change
 Residual nodules 184 (85.2)
No growth 30 (13.9)
 Growth 154 (71.3)
 New nodules 32 (14.8)
Histology at MWA, n (%)
AIS 17 (7.9)
MIA 133 (61.6)
IAC 66 (30.6)
Follow-up after VATS (month), M (P25, P75) 58.5 (46.8, 73.4)
Follow-up after MWA (month), M (P25, P75) 33.8 (27.8, 41.5)

GGN ground glass nodules, SD standard deviation, VATS video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, MWA microwave ablation, AIS Adenocarcinoma in situ, MIA minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, IAC invasive adenocarcinoma, M median, P25 percent 25, P75 percent 75