Table 1.

Comparison of representative IWFS/IWFG methods

Method	Selector type	Grouping	Interpretability	Weaknesses
L2X	MLP	No	Salient features	Unstable, no grouping
INVASE	Actor–critic policy net	No	Adaptive subset size	High variance, unstable
LSPIN	Locally sparse NN	No	Sparse local masks	Misses global structure
gI	Info-theoretic redundancy	Yes	Learns groups	High complexity
GroupFS	MoE with discrete gating	Yes	Cluster-level subsets	Rigid, low flexibility

FlexGPC is designed to address their limitations by enhancing expressiveness (via RAC), stability (via regularization and clamping), and robustness under missingness