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. 2026 Jan 20;60(4):2907–2916. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5c08256

2. Wildfire Exposure Characteristics of Cohort over Pregnancy and Individual Trimesters.

    pregnancy 1st trimester 2nd trimester 3rd trimester
wildfire PM2.5 concn (μg/m3) mean (SD) 0.18 (0.21) 0.18 (0.38) 0.18 (0.36) 0.18 (0.39)
  median (IQR) 0.10 (0.21) 0.04 (0.15) 0.05 (0.16) 0.05 (0.16)
no. of wildfire smoke days mean (SD) 9.55 (6.89) 3.14 (4.16) 3.42 (4.35) 2.99 (3.98)
  median (IQR) 8 (13) 1 (4) 2 (4) 1 (4)
no. of wildfire smoke days > 3 μg/m3 mean (SD) 4.83 (4.65) 1.60 (2.82) 1.71 (2.92) 1.52 (2.71)
  median (IQR) 3 (7) 0 (2) 0 (2) 0 (2)
no. of wildfire smoke days > 5 μg/m3 mean (SD) 2.78 (3.50) 0.93 (2.09) 0.99 (2.15) 0.87 (2.00)
  median (IQR) 1 (4) 0 (1) 0 (1) 0 (1)
a

Wildfire PM2.5 concentrations are averaged per individual across each period including non-wildfire days (where concentrations are 0 μg/m3).

b

Note that the number of smoke days is inclusive of the number of smoke days > 3 μg/m3 and > 5 μg/m3, as number of smoke days >3 μg/m3 are inclusive of number of smoke days >5 μg/m3.

c

SD, standard deviation.

d

IQR, interquartile range.