Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Feb 6.
Published in final edited form as: IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2023 Jun 19;70(7):2139–2148. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2023.3236918

TABLE II.

Regression statistics and agreement between predicted and exact WI peak amplitudes.

F-ML Algorithm Lasso KRR SVR Random Forrest Gradient Boosting Neural Network
Wf1 Peak Amplitude
Correlation Coefficient (r) 0.83 0.88 0.88 0.83 0.85 0.88
RMSE 36.6 30.8 31.2 38.1 34.5 32.5
Normalized RMSE (%) 8.8 7.4 7.5 9.1 8.3 7.8
Limit of Agreement 143.2 120.7 122.5 150.0 135.6 125.0
Mean Difference 1.6 0.7 −1.1 −0.4 −0.4 1.2
Wf2 Peak Amplitude
Correlation Coefficient (r) 0.75 0.83 0.84 0.77 0.80 0.82
RMSE 13.6 11.3 11.1 13.0 12.2 11.8
Normalized RMSE (%) 10.6 8.8 8.7 10.1 9.5 9.2
Limit of Agreement 53.2 44.2 43.8 51.3 48.6 45.2
Mean Difference −0.5 −0.2 −0.6 0.4 0.3 0.5
Wb1 Peak Amplitude
Correlation Coefficient (r) 0.57 0.69 0.71 0.63 0.62 0.69
RMSE 3.1 2.8 2.7 3.0 2.9 2.9
Normalized RMSE (%) 13.9 12.4 12.0 13.6 13.3 13.0
Limit of Agreement 12.3 10.8 10.5 11.9 11.6 11.3
Mean Difference 0.1 0.1 0.3 −0.2 −0.3 0.2
*

Correlations have p-values< 0.05 unless otherwise indicated. All wave intensity amplitudes are reported in units of Wm2s2×104. SVR indicates the support vector regressor. KRR indicates the kernel ridge regressor. Underline values show the highest correlations.