Skip to main content
. 2026 Jan 11;16:5058. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-34780-z

Table 8.

Calculated hazard quotients (HQ) for major contaminants compared against the WHO reference doses for adults and children.

Metal Median Mean
adult HQ
P95 Max Median Mean
child HQ
P95 Max
As, mg/L 0.41926 0.45065 0.97769 1.07082 0.97827 1.05152 2.28128 2.49859
Cd, mg/L 0.00469 0.00536 0.01421 0.01650 0.01095 0.01250 0.03315 0.03851
Cu, mg/L 0.00662 0.00968 0.02556 0.03768 0.01545 0.02260 0.05963 0.08792
Fe, mg/L 0.04311 0.15269 0.59552 0.86533 0.10059 0.35627 1.38954 2.01910
Mn, mg/L 0.01983 0.03566 0.09642 0.18374 0.04626 0.08320 0.22499 0.42873
Mo, mg/L 0.00612 0.00551 0.00976 0.01114 0.01429 0.01286 0.02276 0.02598
Ni, mg/L 0.00838 0.01619 0.06080 0.07352 0.01955 0.03777 0.14187 0.17155
Pb, mg/L 0.00892 0.02126 0.07573 0.10160 0.02080 0.04962 0.17670 0.23707
Zn, mg/L 0.00219 0.00263 0.00607 0.00675 0.00512 0.00613 0.01416 0.01574