Table 2.
Descriptions of the study sample by cognitive status 5 years after baseline
| Characteristics | Normal cognition (N=885) | Neurocognitive disorder (N=72) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| MMSE1 total score at baseline, mean (SD) | 28.5 (1.31) | 28.1 (1.42) | 0.02 |
| MMSE total score at 5 year follow-up | 28.8 (1.43) | 25.7 (3.57) | <0.001 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 64.2 (6.50) | 69.0 (8.47) | <0.001 |
| Female (%) | 550 (62.1) | 40 (55.6) | 0.27 |
| Education: Primary and below (%) | 369 (41.8) | 41 (56.9) | 0.013 |
| Current and ex-smoker (%) | 127 (14.4) | 14 (19.4) | 0.24 |
| Current alcohol drinker (%) | 111 (12.6) | 5 (6.9) | 0.16 |
| Body Mass Index2 | 23.5 (3.50) | 23.6 (2.86) | 0.84 |
| Hypertension3 (%) | 445 (50.3) | 39 (54.2) | 0.53 |
| Diabetes mellitus4 (%) | 112 (13.8) | 9 (12.5) | 0.76 |
| Heart disease (%) | 37 (4.2) | 8 (11.4) | 0.006 |
| History of stroke (%) | 27 (3.1) | 1 (1.4) | 0.43 |
| APOE ɛ4 carrier (%) | 166 (19.9) | 11 (16.7) | 0.52 |
| Depression5 (%) | 86 (9.7) | 14 (19.4) | 0.009 |
| Physical activities score, mean (SD) | 2.73 (1.99) | 2.50 (1.96) | 0.35 |
| Social and productive activities score, mean (SD) | 7.61 (3.50) | 6.40 (3.19) | 0.004 |
| Eat a lot of vegetable and fruits6 (%) | 829 (94.1) | 68 (94.4) | 0.9 |
| Eat a lot of fsh (%)7 | 768 (89.1) | 61 (91.5) | 0.52 |
| Coffee daily (%) | 562 (63.6) | 52 (72.7) | 0.14 |
| Tea consumption (%) | 621 (70.2) | 39 (54.2) | 0.005 |
| No tea intake | 264 (29.8) | 33 (45.8) | 0.015 |
| Low tea intake | 161 (18.2) | 15 (20.8) | |
| Medium tea intake | 249 (28.1) | 12 (16.7) | |
| High Tea intake | 211 (23.8) | 12 (16.7) | |
1. Mini-Mental State Examination; 2. Weight (kg)/height (m) 2; 3. Defned as systolic blood pressure of >140 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure of >90 mm Hg or a history of treatment for hypertension; 4. Defned as a fasting blood glucose concentration of ≥7.0 mmol/L or a history of treatment for diabetes mellitus; 5. Defned as Geriatric Depression Scale total score ≥5; 6. At least one serving everyday; 7. At least 3 times a week; P values were calculated using student t test for continuous variables and chi-squared test for categorical variables.