Table 2.
Setting, participants and level of evidence of the studies
| Author* | Level of evidence | Participants | Hospital admission | Acronym | N† | Exclusion | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| McCusker (8) | 1a | 65 y + | Non elective | ISAR | D=997 V=676 |
Too ill, disoriented without proxy, nursing home patients, language | ADL decline or nursing home admission or death |
| Inouye (9) | 1b | 70 y+ | Medical | D=188 V=142 |
Severe or terminal illness, disoriented without proxy, LOS < 48h, complete dependence, non medical wards | ADL decline Nursing home admission or death |
|
| Sager (10) | 1b | 70 y+ | Non elective | HARP | D=448 V=379 |
Too ill, admitted for surgery, nursing home patients, complete dependence, death < 3 months | ADL decline Nursing home admission |
| Cornette (11) | 2b | 70y+ | Non elective | SHERPA | 550 | Terminal illness, ICU, stroke, LOS < 48h, complete dependence | ADL decline |
| Wu (12) | 2b | 80 y+ | Non elective | N2m =804 N12m=450 |
Too ill, admitted for psychiatric or elective surgery, LOS <72h, death <2 months, language | ADL decline | |
| Mateev (19) | 2b | 65 y+ | Medical | 198 | Terminal illness, stroke, dementia or delirium, nursing home patients, language | Nursing home admission or hospital readmission or rehabilitation or death | |
| Winograd ‡ (4) | 2b | 65 y+ | All | 401 | Administrative: short LOS, nursing home patients or in geriatric services, geography | Nursing home admission | |
| Zureik (13) | 2b | 75 y | Non elective | 354 | Death during hospitalisation, nursing home patients, ICU patients, transfer, non medical ward | Nursing home admission | |
| Narain ‡ (16) | 2c | 70 y+ | Medical | - | Nd=380 N6m=366 |
- | Nursing home admission |
| Satish ‡ (15) | 2c | 65 y+ | Medical or surgical | - | 507 | Geographic, comatose or disoriented without proxy, LOS < 24h | Nursing home admission |
| Mistiaen (14) | 4 | 65y+ | All | BRASS | 503 | LOS < 48h | Nursing home admission or death |
| Vandewoude (17) | 4 | 70 y | All | VIP | 618 | Geriatric ward | Nursing home admission |
D=development cohort, V=validation cohort; Nd = at discharge, Nxm= at x months (x=1, 2, 3, 6 or 12 months);
*
Studies are presented according first to their level of evidence and then to the definition of functional decline used (ADL decline or nursing home admission);
†
Number are those available for analysis of outcome of interest;
‡
Studies in veterans care setting: no female or <5%; SHERPA: Score Hospitalier d’Evaluation du Risque de la Perte d’Autonomie; ISAR: Identification of Seniors at risk; BRASS: Blaylock Risk Assessment Screening Score; HARP: Hospital Admission Risk Profile; VIP: Voorloping Indicator voor Plaatsing.