(A) PSY316AUT rho0 strains lack mitochondrial DNA. DAPI staining of PSY316 (i) wild-type or (ii) rho0 cells grown under standard conditions (2% glucose) and calorie-restricted (iii) wild-type or (iv) rho0 cells (CR = 0.05% glucose).
(B) PSY316AUT rho0 strains are unable to grow on glycerol as the sole carbon source. (i) PSY316AUT wild-type, (ii) cyt1Δ rho0, (iii) cyt1Δ, or (iv) rho0 cells on YEP supplemented with 2% glucose or 3% glycerol.
(C) CR increases life span in PSY316AUT rho0 cells. Replicative life span analysis for PSY316AUT wild-type and rho0 cells on 2% glucose and 0.05% glucose (CR). Mean life span is shown in parentheses.
(D) CR increases the life span of cyt1Δ cells. Replicative life span analysis for PSY316AUT wild-type and cyt1Δ cells on 2% glucose and 0.05% glucose (CR). Mean life span is shown in parentheses.
(E) CR increases the life span of cyt1Δ rho0 cells. Replicative life span analysis for PSY316AUT wild-type and cyt1Δ rho0 cells on 2% glucose and cyt1Δ rho0 cells on 0.05% glucose (CR). Mean life span is shown in parentheses.