Table 2.
Food provision and menu planning aspects of the total group and stratified according to nursing home size [%]
| Nursing home size |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food Provision and Menu Planning | Total (n=541) | Small (n=94) | Medium (n=291) | Large (n=156) | p |
| Variety/Food Choice | |||||
| Menu cycle length > 6 weeks | 77.3 | 70.2 | 77.3 | 81.4 | 0.095 |
| missing | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.2 | |
| > 2 menus available at lunch | 89.8 | 73.4 | 91.8 | 96.2 | < 0.001a,b |
| missing | 0.7 | 2.1 | 0.3 | 0.6 | |
| Free choice of side dishes at lunch | 86.1 | 84.0 | 85.2 | 89.1 | 0.282 |
| missing | 3.5 | 4.3 | 3.1 | 3.8 | |
| Snacks available anytime | 99.6 | 100.0 | 99.7 | 99.4 | – |
| missing | 0.4 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.6 | |
| Food Frequencies | |||||
| ≥ 3x vegetables daily | 34.4 | 27.7 | 37.1 | 33.3 | 0.259 |
| missing | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 3.8 | |
| ≥ 2x fruit daily | 87.1 | 81.9 | 88.3 | 87.8 | 0.470 |
| missing | 1.5 | 3.2 | 1.0 | 1.3 | |
| ≥ 2x fish weekly | 74.9 | 56.4 | 78.7 | 78.8 | < 0.001a,b |
| missing | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.6 | |
| Special diets and delivery forms | |||||
| Vegetarian diet | 76.0 | 66.0 | 76.6 | 80.8 | 0.027b |
| Muslim diet | 28.5 | 20.2 | 28.9 | 32.7 | 0.104 |
| Energy-dense diet | 59.5 | 54.3 | 61.5 | 59.0 | 0.454 |
| Fingerfood | 54.3 | 48.9 | 53.6 | 59.0 | 0.284 |
| “Eat by walking” | 59.7 | 51.1 | 59.5 | 65.4 | 0.252 |
| missing | 6.7 | 12.8 | 5.5 | 6.7 | |
| Texture modification | |||||
| Soft texture available | 59.9 | 63.8 | 58.1 | 60.9 | 0.585 |
| Pureed texture available | 95.2 | 95.7 | 94.8 | 95.5 | 0.917 |
| Strained texture available | 43.6 | 40.4 | 45.0 | 42.9 | 0.723 |
| “Smoothfood” available | 17.0 | 9.6 | 16.2 | 23.1 | 0.019b |
| Components separately visible | 84.3 | 76.6 | 85.9 | 85.9 | 0.079 |
| Components re-shaped | 27.9 | 19.1 | 27.5 | 34.0 | 0.040b |
| Individual capabilities considered | 63.2 | 80.9 | 59.5 | 59.6 | < 0.001a,b |
| Recipes | |||||
| Available for most dishes/ components | 58.2 | 45.7 | 60.5 | 61.5 | 0.045a,b |
| missing |
2.0 |
4.3 |
1.4 |
1.9 |
|
Differences between small, medium and large nursing homes were tested with Chi2-test; a. significant difference between small and medium nursing homes (post-hoc z-test, p < 0.05); b. significant difference between small andlarge nursing homes (post-hoc z-test, p < 0.05)