Table 2.
Univariate analyses for factors associated with nutritional status
| Nutritional status | p-value for χ2 / t test | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | Undernutrition | ||
| Age (years) | |||
| < 75 | 844 (50.0) | 67 (30.7) | <0.001 |
| ≥ 75 | 843 (50.0) | 151 (69.3) | |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 967 (57.3) | 133 (61.0) | 0.30 |
| Male | 720 (42.7) | 85 (39.0) | |
| Educational status | |||
| Literate | 1551 (92.4) | 189 (86.7) | 0.004 |
| Illiterate | 128 (7.6) | 29 (13.3) | |
| Living status | |||
| Alone | 161 (9.5) | 29 (13.3) | 0.08 |
| With others | 1525 (90.5) | 189 (86.7) | |
| Smoking status | |||
| Non-smoker | 1345 (79.7) | 178 (81.7) | 0.58 |
| Ex- smoker | 228 (13.5) | 24 (11.0) | |
| Current smoker | 114 (6.8) | 16 (7.3) | |
| Drinking status | |||
| Non-drinker | 1397 (82.8) | 193 (88.5) | 0.04 |
| Ex-drinker | 72 (4.3) | 10 (4.6) | |
| Current drinker | 218 (12.9) | 15 (6.9) | |
| Number of morbidities | 1.8±1.4 | 2.2±1.4 | <0.001 |
| Sleep-wake-related indicators | |||
| Bedtime (military time) | |||
| < 21:30 | 465 (27.6) | 88 (40.4) | <0.001 |
| 21:30–22:30 | 517 (30.6) | 67 (30.7) | |
| > 22:30 | 705 (41.8) | 63 (28.9) | |
| Athens Insomnia Scale ≥ 5 | 290 (17.2) | 73 (33.5) | <0.001 |
| Poor subjective sleep quality | 339 (20.1) | 76 (34.9) | <0.001 |
| Prolonged sleep latency | 820 (48.6) | 130 (59.6) | 0.002 |
| Sleep duration (hours) | |||
| ≤ 5 | 375 (22.2) | 48 (22.0) | 0.04 |
| 6–7 | 878 (52.0) | 97 (44.5) | |
| ≥ 8 | 434 (25.7) | 73 (33.5) | |
| Habitual sleep efficiency < 85% | 412 (24.4) | 90 (41.3) | <0.001 |
| Presence of sleep disturbances | 708 (42.0) | 125 (57.3) | <0.001 |
| Taking hypnotics in the past month | 337 (20.0) | 81 (37.2) | <0.001 |
| Epworth Sleepiness Scale ≥ 11 | 58 (3.4) | 10 (4.6) | 0.39 |
| Dysfunction in maintaining enthusiasm | 125 (7.4) | 44 (20.2) | <0.001 |