Table 2.

Comparison of different sentiment analysis methods.

Method	Cross-domain support	Enhancement for cross-domain
Lexicon-Based	Low	Use domain-adapted lexicons
Hybrid Methods	High (with flexibility)	Combine rules, lexicons, and ML with adaptation modules
Deep Learning	Medium–High	Pre-training + Fine-tuning
Transfer Learning (BERT)	High	Domain-adaptive fine-tuning, adversarial training
Traditional ML	Medium	Feature transformation, instance reweighting
Domain Adaptation	High	TCA, CORAL, DANN, shared representation