Skip to main content
. 2026 Jan 28;16:1736033. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1736033

Table 1.

Maternal and neonatal variables.

Maternal variables n Mean±SD
Age, yr 39 27.8±5.8
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m^2) 39 34.2±3.1
Race (NHB/NHW) 39 19/20
Smoking (N/Y) 39 32/7
Leptin, ng/mL 34 65.9±24.5
FFA, mEq/L 36 0.83±0.26
Insulin, uU/mL 35 18.5±6.9
Glucose, mg/mL 39 77.6±7.9
HOMA-IR 35 3.5±1.5
Neonatal variables n Mean±SD
Gestational age, wk 39 38.9±0.3
Sex (F/M) 39 21/18
Birth weight, kg 39 3.3±0.5
Birth length, cm 39 49±1.7
Neonatal Adiposity % 39 12.3±4.3
Untrimmed placental weight, gr 39 673±202
Leptin ng/mL 27 15.3±13.6
FFA, mEQ/L 37 0.5±1.9
Insulin, uU/mL 37 8.18±4.3
Glucose, mg/mL 37 64.8±12
HOMA-IR 35 1.2+0.6

NHB, non-Hispanic Blacks; NHW, non-Hispanic White; FFA, Free Fatty-Acids; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model assessment of Insulin Resistance.