Skip to main content
. 2026 Jan 29;13:1688908. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2026.1688908

Table 2.

In vitro efficacy of different Quillaja saponaria extracts against IPNv infections in CHSE-214 cells.

Product Product concentration (μg/mL) Saponin concentration (μg/mL) Infection inhibition (%)
Control 0 0 0c
VaxSap® 0.12 0.1 75+/−3.9a
PPQ 0.24 0.15 69.5+/−1.3ab
NPQ 0.24 0.073 59.1+/−1.2b

Data are presented as mean ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test. Groups sharing the same superscript letter are not significantly different, whereas different letters (a, b, c) indicate statistically significant differences at p < 0.05.