Table 2. Analysis of the association between total body mass index change and onset of diabetes mellitus.

BMI change	BMI < –2	–2 ≤ BMI < –0.25	–0.25 ≤ BMI < 0.25 Control	0.25 ≤ BMI < 2	2 ≤ BMI < 4	BMI ≥ 4
DM onset rate	1.15	2.73	2.93	3.74	4.84	7.45
Univariate analysis OR (95%CI)	0.38 (0.16–0.88)	0.93 (0.69–1.24)	1	1.28 (0.99–1.66)	1.68 (1.15–2.44)	2.66 (1.42–4.99)
p value	0.024	0.630	—	0.056	0.006	0.002
Multivariate analysis OR (95%CI)	0.14 (0.06–0.36)	0.71 (0.51–1.00)	1	1.36 (1.01–1.83)	3.08 (1.97–4.80)	15.3 (7.11–33.0)
p value	<0.001	0.051	—	0.037	<0.001	<0.001

Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.

The multivariate analysis was adjusted for age, sex, BMI, SBP, Cre, TC, TG, ALT, HbA1c, and family history of DM.

ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; Cre, creatinine; DM, diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; OR, odds ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides.