Table 2.
Results of subgroup analysis of included randomizes controlled trials in meta-analysis of melatonin supplementation on glycemic indices
| Variable | FBS (mg/dl) | Insulin (µIU/ml) | HbA1c (%) | HOMA-IR | QUICKI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dose < 8 mg No. of studies WMD (95%CI) P-value I2 (%) P-heterogeneity |
15 −2.83(−5.73, 0.08) 0.057 60.8 0.001 |
8 1.12(−0.93, 3.18) 0.283 38.4 0.123 |
5 −0.44(−1.05, 0.17) 0.154 96.6 < 0.001 |
8 −0.14(−0.60, 0.31) 0.541 81.5 < 0.001 |
Not sufficient data |
|
Dose ≥ 8 mg No. of studies WMD (95%CI) P-value I2 (%) P-heterogeneity |
12 −2.47(−4.92, −0.03) 0.047 41.8 0.06 |
8 −2.16(−2.27, −1.57) < 0.001 35.2 0.147 |
2 −0.49(−0.86, −0.13) 0.009 0.00 0.481 |
8 −0.75(−1.06, −0.45) < 0.001 60.5 0.013 |
6 0.01(0.01, 0.01) < 0.001 86.7 < 0.001 |
|
Duration ≤ 10w No. of studies WMD (95%CI) P-value I2 (%) P-heterogeneity |
13 −3.12(−6.18, −0.06) 0.046 65.0 < 0.001 |
6 0.89(−4.62, 6.40) 0.753 79.6 < 0.001 |
4 −0.72(−1.31, −0.13) 0.017 86.9 < 0.001 |
6 −0.70(−1.81, 0.42) 0.220 83.5 < 0.001 |
Not sufficient data |
|
Duration > 10w No. of studies WMD (95%CI) P-value I2 (%) P-heterogeneity |
14 −2.27(−4.62, 0.08) 0.058 32.2 0.094 |
10 −1.73(−2.27, −1.20) < 0.001 31.5 0.157 |
3 −0.08(−0.40, 0.24) 0.631 73.1 0.024 |
10 −0.46(−0.80, −0.11) 0.009 86.7 < 0.001 |
7 0.01(0.00, 0.01) < 0.001 93.7 < 0.001 |
|
BMI (Kg/m 2 ) ≤ 27 No. of studies WMD (95%CI) P-value I2 (%) P-heterogeneity |
8 −3.07(−5.15, −0.99) 0.004 21.9 0.0255 |
5 −1.79(−2.95, −0.63) 0.002 39.8 0.156 |
2 −0.25(−0.83, 0.33) 0.393 83.6 0.013 |
7 −0.29(−0.69, 0.11) 0.159 88.2 < 0.001 |
4 0.00(−0.01, 0.01) 0.642 93.3 < 0.001 |
|
BMI (Kg/m2 ) >27 No. of studies WMD (95%CI) P-value I2 (%) P-heterogeneity |
16 −3.14(−6.58, 0.29) 0.073 65.2 < 0.001 |
11 −1.53(−2.64, −0.41) 0.007 68.5 < 0.001 |
3 −0.26(−0.79, 0.26) 0.329 77.00 0.013 |
9 −0.84(−1.39, −0.29) 0.003 72.00 < 0.001 |
3 0.01(+ 0.00, 0.02) 0.002 93.0 < 0.001 |
|
T2DM No. of studies WMD (95%CI) P-value I2 (%) P-heterogeneity |
8 −9.70(−17.12, −2.29) 0.010 48.3 0.060 |
4 −1.61(−3.26, 0.04) 0.055 67.2 0.027 |
5 −0.70(−1.18, −0.22) 0.004 83.8 < 0.001 |
4 −0.74(−1.46, −0.03) 0.042 69.8 0.019 |
3 0.01(0.01, 0.02) < 0.001 88.9 < 0.001 |
|
Non-T2DM No. of studies WMD (95%CI) P-value I2 (%) P-heterogeneity |
19 −1.91(−3.70, −0.11) 0.038 51.7 0.005 |
12 −1.53(−2.53, −0.52) 0.003 62.5 0.002 |
2 0.02(−0.10, 0.15) 0.719 20.10 0.263 |
12 −0.44(−0.79, −0.08) 0.016 85.50 < 0.001 |
4 0.00(−0.01, 0.01) 0.685 93.0 < 0.001 |
|
BaselineFBS (mg/dl) < 100 No. of studies WMD (95%CI) P-value I2 (%) P-heterogeneity |
12 −1.84 (−4.17, 0.99) 0.121 58.4 0.006 |
8 −1.83 (−4.02, 0.37) 0.103 67.2 0.003 |
2 0.02 (−0.10, 0.15) 0.719 20.1 0.263 |
10 −0.44 (−0.84, −0.05) 0.029 87.5 < 0.001 |
3 0.0 (−0.01, 0.01) 0.677 95.1 < 0.001 |
|
Baseline FBS (mg/dl) ≥ 100 No. of studies WMD (95%CI) P-value I2 (%) P-heterogeneity |
15 −3.96 (−7.11, −0.80) 0.014 44.4 0.033 |
8 −1.40 (−2.26, −0.54) 0.001 59.00 0.017 |
5 −0.70(−1.18, −0.22) 0.004 83.8 < 0.001 |
6 −0.67 (−1.13, −0.21) 0.004 57.7 0.038 |
4 0.01 (0.00, 0.02) 0.004 90.1 < 0.001 |