| ABCB1 | ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (P-glycoprotein) |
| ABL2 | Abelson tyrosine-protein kinase 2 |
| AGO | Argonaute protein |
| AKT | protein kinase B |
| ALEX1 | armadillo repeat-containing protein X-linked 1 |
| AML | acute myeloid leukaemia |
| AUC | area under the curve |
| CAF | cancer-associated fibroblast |
| CAFs | cancer-associated fibroblasts |
| CCL20 | C-C motif chemokine ligand 20 |
| CCL22 | C-C motif chemokine ligand 22 |
| CCL5 | C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 |
| Cdks | cyclin-dependent kinases |
| CI | confidence interval |
| CIN | chromosomal instability |
| CLL | chronic lymphocytic leukaemia |
| CRISPR | clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats |
| CSC | cancer stem cell |
| Ct | cycle threshold |
| CXCL8 | C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (interleukin-8) |
| DDP | cisplatin |
| DFS | disease-free survival |
| DGCR8 | DiGeorge syndrome critical region 8 |
| DICER | endoribonuclease Dicer |
| DROSHA | Drosha ribonuclease III |
| ECM | extracellular matrix |
| EMT | epithelial-mesenchymal transition |
| EMT-TFs | Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Transcription Factors |
| FAM3C | family with sequence similarity 3 member C |
| GAS5 | growth arrest-specific 5 |
| GC | gastric cancer |
| GLOBOCAN | Global Cancer Observatory (Global Cancer Statistics database) |
| GOT1 | glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase 1 |
| GS | genomically stable |
| H. pylori | Helicobacter pylori |
| HGF | hepatocyte growth factor |
| HIF-1α | hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha |
| IFN-γ | interferon gamma |
| IGF | insulin-like growth factor |
| IL-17A | interleukin-17A |
| IL-1β | interleukin-1 beta |
| IL-6 | interleukin-6 |
| IL-8 | interleukin-8 |
| ILEI | interleukin-like EMT inducer |
| JAK/STAT | Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway |
| JAK2/STAT3 | Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| lncRNA | long non-coding RNA |
| MALT | mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 |
| MET | mesenchymal-epithelial transition |
| MIF | macrophage migration inhibitory factor |
| miRNA | microRNA |
| MMPs | matrix metalloproteinases |
| mRNA | messenger RNA |
| MSI | microsatellite instability |
| mTOR | mechanistic target of rapamycin |
| ncRNA | non-coding RNA |
| NET | neutrophil extracellular trap |
| NK | natural killer (cell) |
| NKG2D | natural killer group 2D receptor |
| NLR | neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio |
| NTN4 | netrin-4 |
| PD-1 | programmed cell death protein 1 |
| PD-L1 | programmed death-ligand 1 |
| PI3K | phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase |
| PLR | platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio |
| pre-miRNA | precursor microRNA |
| pri-miRNA | primary microRNA transcript |
| PTEN | phosphatase and tensin homolog |
| qRT-PCR | quantitative reverse transcription PCR |
| RISC | RNA-induced silencing complex |
| sens | sensitivity |
| SNAI2 | Snail family transcriptional repressor 2 (Slug) |
| spec | specificity |
| TAM | tumor-associated macrophage |
| TAN | tumor-associated neutrophil |
| TCGA | The Cancer Genome Atlas |
| TGF-β | transforming growth factor beta |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factor |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| TNM | tumor-node-metastasis (staging system) |
| Treg | regulatory T cell |
| UTR | untranslated region |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| VEGF-C | vascular endothelial growth factor C |
| WGS | whole-genome sequencing |
| WT | wild-type |