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. 2026 Feb 5;16(3):482. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics16030482
CNNs Convolutional Neural Networks
CAD Computer-aided diagnosis
TM Tympanic membrane 
CSOM Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
OME Otitis Media with Effusion
GM Granular Myringitis
W-MSA Window-based Multi-head Self-Attention
FC Fully Connected Laye
LN Layer Normalization
SW-MSA  Shifted Window-based Multi-head Self-Attention
MLP Multi-Layer Perceptron
CI Confidence Interval
SD Standard Deviation
LDAM (DRW) Label-Distribution-Aware Margin Loss with Deferred Re-Weighting training strategy
CB-Sampling Class-Balanced Sampling
CB-Loss (Focal)  Class-Balanced Loss (based on Focal Loss)
Grad-CAM Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping
STMC Stable Tympanic Membrane Condition