| AI | Artificial Intelligence |
| API | Application Programming Interface |
| CNN | Convolutional Neural Network |
| κ | Fleiss’s Kappa (inter-rater reliability coefficient) |
| LLM | Large Language Model |
| MAE | Mean Absolute Error |
| MLLM | Multimodal Large Language Model |
| NLP | Natural Language Processing |
| SD | Standard Deviation |