| SD | Sound dentin |
| CAD | Caries-affected dentin |
| ACAD | Artificially created CAD |
| GIC | Glass ionomer cement |
| GH | Glass hybrid |
| HV | High-viscosity |
| RM | Resin-modified |
| EF | Equia Forte HT |
| E | Equia Fill |
| KM | Ketac Molar |
| F-II | Fuji II LC |
| PF | Photac Fill |
| SEM | Scanning electron microscopy |