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. 2026 Jan 29;27(3):1337. doi: 10.3390/ijms27031337
AS Ankylosing Spondylitis
AUC Area Under the-Curve
BALB/c Bagg Albino Laboratory-Bred Strain c (Th2-prone mouse strain)
BMP Bone Morphogenetic Protein
C57BL/6J Inbred C57 Black 6J Mouse Strain (Th1-prone)
CFA/IFA Complete/Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant
CRP C-Reactive Protein
CXCL1/Gro-α Chemokine (C-X-C motif) Ligand 1/Growth-Regulated Oncogene Alpha
DKK-1 Dickkopf-related Protein 1
ELISA Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
ER Endoplasmic Reticulum
ERAP1/2 Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1 and 2
ESR Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
FDR False Discovery Rate
GEE Generalized Estimating Equation
HLA-B27 Human Leukocyte Antigen B27
HR-pQCT High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography
IFA Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant
IFNγ Interferon Gamma
IL Interleukin
IL-23R Interleukin-23 Receptor
IP-10 Interferon Gamma-Induced Protein 10 (CXCL10)
KO Knockout
MCP-1/3 Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 and 3
MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex
MIP-1α/β/2 Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1 alpha, 1 beta, and 2
MΦ Macrophage
NK Natural Killer (cell)
pg/mL Picogram per Milliliter
pQCT Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography
RANTES Regulated upon Activation, Normal T Cell Expressed and Secreted (CCL5)
RORγt Retinoic Acid Receptor-Related Orphan Receptor Gamma t
SEM Standard Error of the Mean
SpA Spondyloarthritis
STAT3 Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3
TGF-β Transforming Growth Factor Beta
Th1/Th2/Th17 T-helper Cell Type 1, 2, and 17
TLR Toll-like Receptor
TNF-α Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha
UPR Unfolded Protein Response
WT Wild-Type
Wnt3a Wingless-Type MMTV Integration Site Family Member 3A