AKI	Acute Kidney Injury
BMI	body mass index
CKD	chronic kidney disease
DIAAS	Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score
EA	essential amino acids
EN	enteral nutrition
ESPEN	European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism
FAO	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
IGF-1	insulin-like growth factor-1
IL-6	interleukin 6
ISRNM	International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism
KDIGO	Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes
KDOQI	Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative
LPD	low protein diet
MAC	metabolic acidosis
ONS	oral nutrition supplements
PEW	protein–energy wasting
PLADO	plant-dominant low-protein diets
PN	parenteral nutrition
RNS	reactive nitrogen species
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SCFA	short-chain fatty acid
TNFα	tumour-necrosis factor α
TNP	total parenteral nutrition
VLPD	very low protein diet
WHO	World Health Organization