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. 2026 Feb 5;31(3):563. doi: 10.3390/molecules31030563
AAPH 2,2′-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride
AP-1 Activator protein-1
AKR1B1 Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B1, also known as Aldose Reductase
AKR1B10 Aldo-keto reductase family 1, member B10
CSSs Castanea sativa shells
DTT Dithiothreitol
EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
GNPS Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking
GSDHN glutahionyl-1,4-dihydroxynonane
GSHNE 3-glutathionyl-4-hydroxynonane
HNE 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal
IPTG Isopropyl-β-D-tiogalattopiranoside
LC-MS Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
NF-κB Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
ORAC Oxygen radical absorbance capacity
PGF2α Prostaglandin F2 alpha
PGE2 Prostaglandin E2
PCA Principal component analysis
ROS Reactive oxygen species
TPI Total polyphenol index