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. 2026 Jan 23;31(3):397. doi: 10.3390/molecules31030397
OSCC Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
HSC-3 Human Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line (high metastatic)
SCC-9 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line (low metastatic)
HaCaT Human Keratinocyte Cell Line
ADME Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion
HPV Human Papilloma Virus
EGF Epidermal Growth Factor
TK Tyrosine Kinase
TKIs Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
RTKIs Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
EGFR Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
VEGFR Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor
HER2 Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2
NRTKIs Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
BCR-ABL Breakpoint Cluster Region–Abelson Kinase
JAK Janus Kinase
VEGF Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
bFGF Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor
FGF-2 Fibroblast Growth Factor-2
NF-κB Nuclear Factor Kappa B
p53 Tumor Protein p53
GnRHR Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor
mTOR Mammalian Target of Rapamycin
IC50 50% Inhibitory Concentration
SAR Structure–Activity Relationship
NRU Neutral Red Uptake
SLS Sodium Lauryl Sulfate
CO2 Carbon Dioxide
SD Standard Deviation
CC50 50% Cytotoxic Concentration
SI Selectivity Index
MTT 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide
PI Propidium Iodide
RNase Ribonuclease
PBS Phosphate-Buffered Saline
PFA Paraformaldehyde
BSA Bovine Serum Albumin
CYP Cytochrome P450
BBB Blood–Brain Barrier
P-gp P-Glycoprotein
TPSA Topological Polar Surface Area
ANOVA Analysis of Variance
ATCC American Type Culture Collection