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. 2026 Feb 5;15(3):500. doi: 10.3390/plants15030500
PGR Plant growth regulator
SPAD Chlorophyll content
Pn Net photosynthetic rate
Fv/Fm Maximum quantum yield
RuBPCase Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase
PEPCase Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
LAI Leaf Area Index
PAL Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
TAL Tyrosine ammonia-lyase
CAD Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase
4CL 4-coumarate:CoA ligase
GS Glutamate synthetase
GDH Glutamate dehydrogenase
GPT Glutamate-pyruvate transaminase
DAA Days after anthesis