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. 2026 Jan 23;16:6046. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-36670-4

Table 4.

Comparison of the effects of different disinfectants and methods.

Disinfectant and disinfection method Colony count 1 min after disinfection (CFU/cm2) PA detection*
75% Ethanol
Rinsing method <0.1 –
Soaking method <0.1 –
Slow-release soaking method <0.1 –
Chlorine-containing disinfectant
Rinsing method 0.2 +
Soaking method <0.1 –
Slow-release soaking method 0.2 –
0.5% Benzalkonium Chloride
Rinsing method 0.6 +
Soaking method 5 –
Slow-release soaking method 0.6 –

*: + Positive for PA, - Negative for PA.