Table 4.
Subgroup analysis of effect sizes by intervention duration.
| Intervention duration | k | SMD (95% CI) | Weight, % | 95% CI | 95% CI | I2, 100% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | |||||
| Long-term (Ref) | 5 | 0.183 | 19.2 | −0.109 | 0.475 | 88.16% |
| Medium-term | 6 | 0.394 | 23.1 | −0.086 | 0.874 | |
| Short-term | 13 | 0.291 | 50 | −0.071 | 0.653 | |
| Other | 2 | 0.403 | 7.7 | −0.421 | 1.227 |
Test for subgroup differences (Between-group heterogeneity): χ2 = 1.26, df = 3, p = 0.739. k, number of studies; SMD, Standardized Mean Difference; CI, Confidence Interval; I2, measure of heterogeneity; Ref, Reference group.