Skip to main content
. 2026 Jan 30;13:1688180. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2026.1688180

Table 2.

Comparison between sociodemographic variables and lifestyle habits according to the C-index in the Brazilian male population: National Health Survey, Brazil, 2013.

Variable <1.344 ≥1.344 p-value
% 95% CI % 95% CI
Regions 0.0023
Midwest 7.67 (7.19–8.15) 6.92 (6.14–7.70)
Northeast 26.61 (25.38–27.84) 23.33 (21.34–25.31)
North 7.69 (7.17–8.20) 6.57 (5.76–7.39)
Southeast 43.64 (41.98–45.30) 45.83 (43.33–48.33)
South 14.39 (13.46–15.32) 17.35 (15.39–19.32)
Age range <0.0001
30–39 39.75 (38.27–41.22) 13.46 (12.01–14.90)
40–49 28.11 (26.86–29.37) 19.94 (18.07–21.81)
50–59 20.11 (18.80–21.43) 33.03 (30.61–35.46)
60–69 9.23 (8.40–10.05) 24.79 (22.68–26.91)
70–74 2.8 (2.28–3.31) 8.77 (7.56–9.99)
Race and ethnicity <0.0001
Yellow 0.83 (0.60–1.06) 0.63 (0.31–0.94)
White 45.11 (43.60–46.63) 55.17 (52.82–57.51)
Indigenous 0.35 (0.23–0.46) 0.25 (0.08–0.42)
Brown 43.11 (41.70–44.53) 36.46 (34.21–38.71)
Black 10.6 (9.72–11.47) 7.49 (6.21–8.78)
Marital status <0.0001
Married 55.71 (54.07–57.35) 65.72 (63.58–67.86)
Divorced/Separated/Widowed 8.68 (7.83–9.53) 12.11 (10.70–67.86)
Single 35.61 (34.10–37.13) 22.17 (20.34–24.00)
Education <0.0001
No education/incomplete elementary school 44 (42.41–45.58) 49.17 (46.58–51.76)
Complete elementary education /incomplete high school 14.23 (13.21–15.24) 12.15 (10.46–13.83)
Complete high school / Incomplete higher education 28.99 (27.60–30.37) 24.42 (22.42–26.41)
Complete higher education/postgraduate degree 12.79 (11.66–13.92) 14.26 (12.37–16.15)
Paid occupation <0.0001
No 21.99 (20.64–23.35) 36.27 (76.65–79.36)
Yes 78.01 (33.88–38.67) 63.73 (61.33–66.12)
Income <0.0001
Less than 1 Minimum Wage 47.44 (45.81–49.06) 41.41 (38.97–43.85)
Between 1 and 2 Minimum Wages 29.79 (28.35–31.23) 30.3 (28.05–32.54)
Between 2 and 5 Minimum Wages 16.52 (15.39–17.66) 18.51 (16.73–20.30)
Greater than 5 Minimum Wages 6.25 (5.46–7.04) 9.78 (8.17–11.40)
Self-rated health <0.0001
Very good/Good 70.13 (68.71–71.56) 57.11 (54.72–59.50)
Fair 25.5 (24.13–26.87) 35.23 (32.89–37.58)
Poor/Very poor 4.37 (3.83–4.91) 7.66 (6.57–8.74)
Alcohol consumption 0.0583
No 78.92 (77.70–80.15) 80.95 (79.20–82.69)
Yes 21.08 (19.85–22.30) 19.05 (17.31–20.80)
Smoker 0.3198
No 79.39 (78.20–80.57) 80.59 (78.58–82.60)
Yes 20.61 (19.43–21.80) 19.41 (17.40–21.42)
Physical activity <0.0001
No 90.6 (89.76–91.44) 96.29 (95.44–97.14)
Yes 9.4 (8.56–10.24) 3.71 (2.86–4.56)

N = 18,576; <1.344 = 13,290; ≥1.344 = 5,286. *Chi-square test; CI%, Confidence interval; C-index cutoff point to assess cardiovascular risk: ≥1.344 (men).Bold values indicate p-value < 0.05.