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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Feb 17.

Published in final edited form as: Arch Toxicol. 2022 Apr 21;96(6):1865–1880. doi: 10.1007/s00204-022-03294-2

Figure 7. — A. Time course of pharmacodynamic effects induced by subcutaneous 10% DMSO (vehicle, 1 mL/kg) or N-piperidinyl etonitazene (0.003, 0.010, 0.030, 0.100 mg/kg) in male rats. Hot plate latency, catalepsy score, and body temperature are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 6 rats/dose group). Hot plate latency and catalepsy scores are presented as a percent of maximum possible effect (%MPE), while temperature data are expressed as change from baseline (Δ temperature in °C). Filled symbols indicate significant differences as compared to the vehicle-treated group at a given time point (p < 0.05, Tukey’s). B. Dose-response curves obtained from nonlinear regression analysis (response stimulation normalized slope) of the mean hot plate responses and catalepsy scores (expressed as % MPE) over the first 60 min for N-piperidinyl etonitazene, fentanyl, and morphine (n = 6 rats per dose group). Error bars represent SEM.

Figure 7. — A. Time course of pharmacodynamic effects induced by subcutaneous 10% DMSO (vehicle, 1 mL/kg) or N-piperidinyl etonitazene (0.003, 0.010, 0.030, 0.100 mg/kg) in male rats. Hot plate latency, catalepsy score, and body temperature are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 6 rats/dose group). Hot plate latency and catalepsy scores are presented as a percent of maximum possible effect (%MPE), while temperature data are expressed as change from baseline (Δ temperature in °C). Filled symbols indicate significant differences as compared to the vehicle-treated group at a given time point (p < 0.05, Tukey’s). B. Dose-response curves obtained from nonlinear regression analysis (response stimulation normalized slope) of the mean hot plate responses and catalepsy scores (expressed as % MPE) over the first 60 min for N-piperidinyl etonitazene, fentanyl, and morphine (n = 6 rats per dose group). Error bars represent SEM.