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. 2026 Feb 3;7:1701628. doi: 10.3389/fmedt.2025.1701628

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© 2026 Candido, Brioschi, Brioschi and Altruda.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Four thermal images showing a person's back over time, labeled 0, 10, 20, and 30 minutes. The images display changes in heat distribution, with varying colors representing temperature levels. — Sequential thermographic images acquired during ILIB. Thermal images obtained at 0, 10, 20, and 30 min demonstrate a progressive increase in abdominal surface temperature during ILIB application. Regions of interest include hepatic, epigastric, and periumbilical areas. Environmental conditions were controlled to minimize interference.