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. 2026 Jan 23;26:635. doi: 10.1186/s12889-026-26195-w

Table 6.

Income effect of health insurance integration

Variables (1) (2)
Urban residents’ income Rural residents’ income
Integration 0.003 0.007***
(0.002) (0.002)
Economic development 0.102*** 0.098***
(0.010) (0.010)
Industrial structure -0.001 -0.002**
(0.001) (0.001)
Human capital -0.219 -0.342
(0.369) (0.388)
Fiscal expenditure ratio -0.059* -0.001
(0.033) (0.032)
Opening‒up 0.074*** 0.086***
(0.027) (0.021)
Financial development 0.025*** 0.023***
(0.008) (0.009)
Constant 9.268*** 8.584***
(0.103) (0.120)
City fixed effect Yes Yes
Time fixed effect Yes Yes
Observations 1,979 1,979
R-squared 0.995 0.996

The values in parentheses represent clustered robust standard errors, with, *, **and *** indicating significance at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively