Table 2.
Baseline demographic characteristics and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence of young African American men who have sex with men living with HIV stratified by missing outcome (self-reported ART adherence at 1 month) data (n=253), 2020-2024.
| Overall (n=253) | Missing outcome data (month 1; n=122) | Complete outcome data (month 1; n=131) | P value | |||
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 29.4 (3.7) | 29.2 (3.6) | 29.5 (3.6) | .51a | ||
| Age group (years), n (%) | .98b | |||||
|
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18-24 | 32 (12.6) | 16 (13.1) | 16 (12.2) |
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|
|
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25-34 | 221 (87.4) | 106 (86.9) | 115 (87.8) |
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| Ethnicity, n (%) | .37b | |||||
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Hispanic | 18 (7.1) | 11 (9) | 7 (5.3) |
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|
|
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Not Hispanic | 235 (92.9) | 111 (91) | 124 (94.7) |
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| Enrollment site, n (%) | .28b | |||||
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University of Illinois at Chicago | 131 (51.8) | 66 (54.1) | 65 (49.6) |
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|
|
|
Emory University | 106 (41.9) | 46 (37.7) | 60 (45.8) |
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|
|
University of Mississippi Medical Center | 16 (6.3) | 10 (8.2) | 6 (4.6) |
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| Remote participation, n (%) | <.001b | |||||
|
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Yes | 202 (79.8) | 83 (68) | 119 (90.8) |
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|
|
|
No | 51 (20.2) | 39 (32) | 12 (9.2) |
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| Residence, n (%) |
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|||||
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Midwest | 77 (30.4) | 44 (36.1) | 33 (25.2) | .16b | |
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Northeast | 27 (10.7) | 15 (12.3) | 12 (9.2) | .14c | |
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South | 145 (57.3) | 61 (50) | 84 (64.1) |
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West | 4 (1.6) | 2 (1.6) | 2 (1.5) |
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| Education, n (%) | .29b | |||||
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College | 68 (26.9) | 26 (21.3) | 42 (32.1) |
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Some college | 107 (42.3) | 56 (45.9) | 51 (38.9) |
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|
High school or GEDd | 65 (25.7) | 33 (27) | 32 (24.4) |
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Less than high school | 13 (5.1) | 7 (5.7) | 6 (4.6) |
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| Employment, n (%) | .005 | |||||
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Active duty | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.8) |
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Employed | 146 (57.7) | 58 (47.5) | 88 (67.2) |
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Student | 18 (7.1) | 12 (9.8) | 6 (4.6) |
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Unable to work or unemployed | 83 (32.8) | 49 (40.2) | 34 (26) |
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Missing | 5 (2) | 3 (2.5) | 2 (1.5) |
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| Sexual orientation, n (%) | .87b | |||||
|
|
Homosexual or gay | 180 (71.1) | 84 (68.9) | 96 (73.3) |
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Bisexual | 49 (19.4) | 25 (20.5) | 24 (18.3) |
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Heterosexual or straight | 4 (1.6) | 2 (1.6) | 2 (1.5) |
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Other | 20 (7.9) | 11 (9) | 9 (6.9) |
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| Currently in a committed relationship with a male partner, n (%) | .36b | |||||
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Yes | 55 (21.7) | 30 (24.6) | 25 (19.1) |
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No | 198 (78.3) | 92 (75.4) | 106 (80.9) |
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| Marital status, n (%) |
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Legally married | 10 (4) | 4 (3.3) | 6 (4.6) | .71b | |
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Registered domestic partnership | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.8) | .83c | |
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Widowed | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.8) |
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Divorced | 8 (3.2) | 5 (4.1) | 3 (2.3) |
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Separated | 5 (2) | 2 (1.6) | 3 (2.3) |
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Never married | 228 (90.1) | 111 (91) | 117 (89.3) |
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| Health literacy (adapted REALM-SFe ), n (%) | .41b | |||||
|
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Nonoptimal (at least 1 wrong) | 96 (37.9) | 50 (41) | 46 (25.1) |
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Optimal (None wrong) | 157 (62.1) | 72 (59) | 85 (64.9) |
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| PHQ-9f score, mean (SD) | 6.67 (5.81) | 7.16 (6.10) | 6.21 (5.51) | .20a | ||
| PHQ-9 score, n (%) | .78b | |||||
|
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None or minimal (<5.0) | 117 (46.2) | 55 (45.1) | 62 (47.3) |
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Mild (5.0-9.9) | 65 (25.7) | 29 (23.8) | 36 (27.5) |
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|
|
|
Moderate (10.0-14.9) | 35 (13.8) | 18 (14.8) | 17 (13) |
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|
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Moderately severe (15.0-19.9) | 23 (9.1) | 12 (9.8) | 11 (8.4) |
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|
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Severe (≥20.0) | 11 (4.3) | 7 (5.7) | 4 (3.1) |
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|
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Missing | 2 (0.8) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.8) |
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| HIV-ASESg score | .11a | |||||
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|
Mean (SD) | 98.1 (20.2) | 96 (21.1) | 100 (19.2) |
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|
|
|
Median (IQR) | 104 (89-114) | 105 (90-115) | 104 (89-114) |
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|
|
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Missing, n (%) | 3 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 3 (2.3) |
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| MSPSSh score, mean (SD) | 5.08 (1.36) | 4.96 (1.39) | 5.19 (1.33) | .18a | ||
| MSPSS score, n (%) |
|
|||||
|
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Low (<3.0) | 23 (9.1) | 11 (9) | 12 (9.2) | .12b | |
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Moderate (3.0-5.0) | 80 (31.6) | 46 (37.7) | 34 (26) | .17i | |
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High (≥5.1) | 150 (59.3) | 65 (53.3) | 85 (64.9) |
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| Ever incarcerated, n (%) | .14b | |||||
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Yes | 77 (30.4) | 43 (35.2) | 34 (26) |
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No | 176 (69.6) | 79 (64.8) | 97 (74) |
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| Housing insecurity in previous 6 months, n (%) | .57b | |||||
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Yes | 61 (24.1) | 27 (22.1) | 34 (26) |
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|
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No | 192 (75.9) | 95 (77.9) | 97 (74) |
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| Substance use seriousness in previous 2 weeksj , n (%) | .02b | |||||
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None | 36 (14.2) | 25 (20.5) | 11 (8.4) |
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|
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Less serious | 178 (70.4) | 77 (63.1) | 101 (77.1) |
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Serious | 39 (15.4) | 20 (16.4) | 19 (14.5) |
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| Adherence to ART (baseline), n (%) | .05b | |||||
|
|
Yes (≥80%) | 180 (71.1) | 79 (64.8) | 101 (77.1) |
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|
|
|
No (<80%) | 73 (28.9) | 43 (35.2) | 30 (22.9) |
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|
aIndependent samples t test.
bChi-square test for comparison.
cFisher exact test.
dGED: General Educational Development.
eREALM-SF: Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine-Short Form.
fPHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression.
gHIV-ASES: HIV Treatment Adherence Self-Efficacy Scale.
hMSPSS: Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support.
iCochran-Armitage test.
jSerious includes cocaine, methamphetamines, crack, heroin, opiates; less serious includes alcohol, marijuana, ecstasy, speedballs, gamma-hydroxybutyrate.