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. 2026 Feb 5;13:1730036. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1730036

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Copyright © 2026 Ramadan, Bagatadah, Marwah, Bahawi, Mriani, Alshamrani, Alzaid, Aboulola and Aboalola.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Plot showing incidence rate ratios for predictors of emergency department visits in sickle cell disease. Factors include stroke, kidney disease, dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, asthma, age, and male sex. Both adjusted (red) and unadjusted (gray) models are compared on a log scale. — Predictors of ED visits in SCD patients. Footnote: Horizontal lines represent 95% confidence intervals on a logarithmic scale. Red markers indicate multivariable-adjusted IRRs, and gray markers indicate unadjusted estimates. The dashed vertical line denotes the null value (IRR = 1). Models were fitted using negative binomial regression adjusted for age, sex, and comorbidities.