Table 2.
Expenditure, nutrient contents, and environmental impacts of total food purchases per 2500 kcal among 22,901 loyalty-card holders by cluster
| Red meat (N = 6554) | Red meat mixed (N = 9580) | Red meat & Poultry (N = 1980) | Mixed (N = 3265) | Fish (N = 464) | Plant-based (N = 1058) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
| Expenditure per 2500 kcal, € | 7.4 (1.9) | 8.1 (2.1) | 8.5 (2.1) | 8.1 (2.4) | 9.8 (2.8) | 9.0 (2.4) |
| Nutrient content per 2500 kcal | ||||||
| Protein, g | 97 (14) | 97 (16) | 104 (19) | 94 (18) | 97 (19) | 83 (17) |
| Sucrose, g | 67 (23) | 68 (24) | 65 (23) | 69 (28) | 64 (24) | 69 (22) |
| Fiber, g | 20 (5) | 22 (6) | 24 (7) | 26 (8) | 30 (9) | 34 (10) |
| SFA, g | 45 (8) | 44 (9) | 42 (9) | 42 (10) | 40 (10) | 36 (10) |
| Vitamin B12, µg | 6.6 (2.4) | 6.6 (2.6) | 6.5 (2.3) | 6.5 (3.3) | 8.0 (3.5) | 3.7 (2.1) |
| Vitamin D, µg | 10.1 (3.6) | 9.4 (3.7) | 8.7 (3.6) | 9.0 (4.3) | 11.7 (5.3) | 6.3 (3.3) |
| Folate, mg | 244 (59) | 265 (83) | 287 (88) | 296 (94) | 326 (85) | 347 (99) |
| Calcium, mg | 1330 (346) | 1330 (347) | 1310 (349) | 1350 (393) | 1460 (419) | 1230 (451) |
| Iron, mg | 11.4 (2.22) | 11.9 (2.34) | 12.6 (2.59) | 12.8 (2.91) | 13.6 (2.85) | 15.0 (3.37) |
| Salt, g | 7.2 (1.3) | 6.8 (1.2) | 6.5 (1.2) | 6.3 (1.4) | 6.3 (1.5) | 5.8 (1.3) |
| Environmental impact per 2500 kcal | ||||||
| GHGE, kg CO2-eq. | 4.9 (0.9) | 4.9 (1.0) | 5.0 (1.0) | 4.5 (1.0) | 4.1 (0.9) | 3.6 (0.9) |
| Marine eutrophication, g N-eq. | 6.1 (1.0) | 5.9 (0.9) | 6.0 (1.0) | 5.5 (1.0) | 5.3 (1.1) | 4.7 (1.0) |
| Freshwater eutrophication, g P-eq. | 2.0 (3.8) | 2.0 (0.4) | 2.0 (0.4) | 2.0 (0.6) | 2.5 (0.9) | 1.5 (0.4) |
| Land use, m2a crop-eq. | 6.0 (1.0) | 5.6 (0.9) | 5.4 (1.0) | 4.8 (1.0) | 4.3 (0.8) | 3.6 (0.8) |
| Water use, m3 | 0.23 (0.05) | 0.24 (0.06) | 0.26 (0.06) | 0.26 (0.08) | 0.30 (0.10) | 0.24 (0.07) |
GHGE greenhouse gas emission, N-eq. nitrogen equivalent, P-eq. phosphorus equivalent, crop-eq. arable cropland equivalent.