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. 2026 Feb 4;16:7316. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-36097-x

Table 4.

Parameters of isothermal adsorption models for MG adsorption onto the GO–ZnO nanohybrid.

Isotherm Plot Parameters Values
LangmuirInline graphic Ce/qe vs. Ce Qm (mg g−1) 131.91
KL (L mg−1) 3.906
R2 0.992
RL=1/(1+(KL×C0)) 0.005–0.049
FreundlichInline graphic ln qe vs. ln Ce 1/n 0.314
KF (L mg−1) 7.055
R2 0.976
TemkinInline graphic qe vs. ln Ce B1 16.27
KT (L mg−1) 1.00
R2 0.878
Dubinin-RadushkevichInline graphic ln qe vs. ε2 Qs (mg g−1) 84.62
β − 8.0E−09
E (kJ mol−1) 7.882
R2 0.772