Table 3.

Summary statistics of direct economic expenditures (¥) for outpatients and inpatients with herpes zoster

	Episodes in overall adults		P-value	Episodes in increased-risk groups		P-value
	Outpatienta	Inpatientb		Outpatientc	Inpatientd
Cost per episode			< 0.001			0.058
Mean	625.52	8854.03		1205.47	7928.21
SD	1397.37	10,516.89		4329.07	8229.51
Median	332.24	5796.16		417.71	5455.33
Minimum	0.00	0.02		1.35	216.77
Maximum	100,907.69	66,862.07		100,907.69	27,135.53
Examination cost per episode			< 0.001			0.004
Mean	141.45	5500.96		265.39	4663.81
SD	468.04	7881.65		917.28	5493.85
Median	47.00	3201.59		62.00	3117.57
Minimum	0.00	0.02		0.00	108.00
Maximum	25,544.04	57,915.23		15,896.56	21,012.65
Medication cost per episode			< 0.001			< 0.001
Mean	460.40	3353.07		889.52	3264.40
SD	1144.54	4067.34		3818.09	3696.89
Median	239.18	2347.94		282.96	1866.68
Minimum	0.00	0.00		0.00	0.00
Maximum	98,553.78	36,583.78		98,553.78	14,887.39
Other cost per episode
Mean	23.68	–		29.44	–
SD	30.32	–		39.20	–
Median	16.53	–		17.00	–
Minimum	0.00	–		0.00	–
Maximum	472.68	–		314.27	–
Frequency of visits per episode			< 0.001	–		< 0.001
Mean	2.99	1.05		3.50	1.11
SD	3.36	0.25		3.84	0.42
Median	2.00	1.00		2.00	1.00
Minimum	1.00	1.00		1.00	1.00
Maximum	116.00	3.00		42.00	3.00
Duration of hospital stay
Mean	–	12.80		–	14.84
SD	–	11.18		–	9.38
Median	–	10.00		–	14.00
Minimum	–	1.00		–	3.00
Maximum	–	99.00		–	53.00

Costs are presented in Chinese Yuan (¥) and were converted to US dollars ($) using annual average exchange rates corresponding to each study year (2015–2021). Mean (median) values converted to US dollars are provided for reference:

^aOverall adults, outpatient episodes: $94.35 ($50.11)

^bOverall adults, inpatient episodes: $1335.35 ($874.23)

^cEpisodes in increased-risk groups, outpatient episodes, $181.82 ($63.00)

^dEpisodes in increased-risk groups, inpatient episodes: $1195.81 ($822.83)

SD standard deviation