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. 2026 Feb 9;13:1767370. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1767370

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Copyright © 2026 Shawir, Frah, Mahmoud, Alamri, Alghabban, Aljohani and Khan.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Bar chart comparing results of pre-test and post-test scores. The pre-test bar is orange, reaching approximately 8, while the post-test bar is blue, reaching 11. Error bars indicate variability. — Pre- and post-test scores (TBL group). Pre- and post-test performance in the TBL group. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.