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. 2026 Feb 10;8:1718466. doi: 10.3389/ftox.2026.1718466

FIGURE 4.

Boxplots and heatmap displaying treatment effects. Panel A: Boxplots of concentrations (pg/mL) for various treatments, showing variability and distribution. Panel B: Heatmap of test statistics with graded significance levels (p < 0.0244), colored from blue to red representing test statistic values from negative to positive.

Box plots of IL-6 concentrations released (A) by the cells after 24 h of exposure to test materials and controls with (B) heatmap of test statistics. Cells were exposed to either HDPE particles alone (1–100 μg/mL) or 106 AFM/AFS particles per mL mixed with varying concentrations of HDPE (1–100 μg/mL). Comparison results of treatments using Dunn test statistics with reported FDR-adjusted p-values provided as heatmap (B). Data analysis and visualization are based on three independent experiments. (*) p-value <0.024; (**) p-value <0.01; (***) p-value <0.001.