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. 2026 Feb 10;17:1747657. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2026.1747657

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Copyright © 2026 Wang, Cao, Luo, Huang, Nie, Zhang, Lu, Cui, An and She.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Three sets of aerial images in rows show farmland with green crops and soil. Each row progresses from an original image on the left to processed images with increasing red square markings highlighting specific areas on the crops, from (b) to (e). The squares represent detected items or features within the crops. — Segmentation results of three different models: (a) original image; (b) FCN; (c) DeepLabv3+; (d) U-Net; (e) SE-UNet.